What type of drug is albuterol?

Albuterol is classified as a short-acting beta-agonist (SABA). It works by stimulating beta-2 adrenergic receptors in the smooth muscle of the airways, which leads to relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle and results in bronchodilation. This mechanism makes albuterol effective for rapid relief of bronchospasm associated with conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Its short duration of action typically lasts for 4 to 6 hours, making it an ideal choice for acute symptom relief rather than long-term control, which is the role of long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs). Understanding the specific categories and their uses helps clinicians select appropriate therapies based on the timing and severity of a patient’s respiratory symptoms.