Which side effect is associated with long-term use of corticosteroids?

Long-term use of corticosteroids is commonly associated with a variety of side effects, one of the most notable being mood swings. Corticosteroids, such as prednisone, affect the central nervous system and can lead to psychological changes, including mood fluctuations, anxiety, and depression. This occurs because these medications alter the balance of neurotransmitters in the brain and can influence emotional regulation.

The mechanism behind this includes the steroids’ ability to modify protein synthesis and reduce inflammation within the brain. Prolonged exposure to corticosteroids can also lead to changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which plays a crucial role in stress response and emotional stability. Consequently, individuals on long-term corticosteroid therapy often report experiencing changes in their mood and emotional state, which is why mood swings are a recognized side effect of these medications.

This factor highlights the importance of monitoring patients on corticosteroids for psychological effects over time, allowing for timely interventions should adverse mood-related effects arise. Understanding this association helps healthcare providers manage the side effects of corticosteroid therapy effectively.