Which type of medication is commonly used to treat anxiety disorders?

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are commonly used to treat anxiety disorders due to their effectiveness in modulating serotonin levels in the brain. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that plays a significant role in mood regulation. By preventing the reuptake of serotonin, SSRIs enhance its availability in the synaptic cleft, leading to improved mood and reduced anxiety symptoms.

In general, SSRIs are often considered a first-line treatment for various anxiety disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and social anxiety disorder, because they tend to have a favorable side effect profile compared to some other medications. Over time, they can help reduce the frequency and intensity of anxiety episodes without the risks associated with the potential dependency that can occur with other classes of medications, such as benzodiazepines, which are also used for anxiety but may be more suitable for short-term use due to their sedative effects and potential for withdrawal symptoms.